🌗 Must Have Should Have Could Have Konu Anlatımı

The roads are wet, İt must have rained last night. (Yollar nemli, dün gece yağmur yağmış olmalı.) She speaks German fluently, She must have studied in Germany. (O Almanca’yı akıcı bir şekilde konuşuyor, Almanya’da öğrenim görmüş olmalı.) Have to + Have V3 = Should + Have V3 = Ought to + Have V3 May/ might / could have: expressing past probability: Structure: modal + have + past participle may have been, could have gone, might have lost, etc. We use may have, could have, might have to say that it was possible that something happened in the past (but we are not 100% sure). He may have missed the bus. The road might have been blocked. MustHave Done (V3) Modal "must" has a meaning of necessity, many think that "must have V3" has the same meaning as "should have V3". However; We use must when we talk about a strong possibility based on facts referring to the past. For Example: I saw Cynthia crying a few minutes ago. She must have heard the bad news. shouldhave taken must have taken. (take) the wrong turn. I don't think we are close to Wyoming at all. 2. You. should have consulted must gave consulted. (consult) your parents before you decided on moving out. 3. Darrel (skip) the class today, he missed a lot from today's lecture. Ayrıcaher sınav için gerekli olan deneme çözümleri de kurs içeriğinde yer almaktadır. İngilizce Yabancı Dil Bilgisi Seviye Tespit Sınavına (YDS) Hazırlık Kurs Programı, en az ortaöğretim mezunu bireyler için hazırlanmıştır. Bu eğitim MEB onaylıdır ve 80 saat canlı ders yapılmaktadır. Alanında uzman eğitmenden Modalsbaşlığı kendi içerisinde have to, must, should, can ve could başlıklarına ayrılır. Bu makalede have to konu anlatımı yapacağız. Yukarıda bahsedilenleri özetleyecek olursak: Günlük hayatta birçok durum ile karşılaşırız ve bu durumlara olan ifadelerimizi modals’lar kullanarak ifade edebiliriz. QualityESL grammar worksheets, quizzes and games - from A to Z - for teachers & learnersSHOULD HAVE. Grammar & Writing Practice. Answer the questions about you. Use the past simple in your answers. One page worksheet with eight questions. Answers will vary. Download the PDF file by clicking on the gold. - Could you tell me how much the computer is? (Bana bilgisayarın ne kadar olduğunu söyleyebilir misin?) - Do you remember how big Siberia is? (Sibirya’nın ne kadar büyük olduğunu hatırlıyor musun?) Simple tense ile embedded questions kullanımı: İkinci kısımdaki fiilin çekiminin değiştiğine dikkat edilmeli. Cümlede hangi modal’ın. kullanılacağı cümlenin hangi context içinde kullanıldığında bağlıdır. Meaning Modals Past. Present / Future. Ability Could. “Yetenek” Can Was – were able to. Be able to. Necessity Must Had to. gereklilik Have to. W2Fs. 1-Should/ought to have V3 ''-meliydi/malıydı.'' Past Advice/Past regret şeklinde yaptığımız ya da yapmadığımız bir eylemden duyulan ''pişmanlık'' veya verdiğimiz tavsiye veya eleştiri geçmiş anlam taşıyorsa ''should have V3'' veya ''ought to have V3'' yapıları She couldn't pass her final shouldn't have studied more. O final sınavını geçemedi. Daha fazla çalışması gerekirdi. I shouldn't have told anything to isn't a dependable person. Ona hiçbirşey söylememem güvenilir birisi değil.. 2-May/might/could/have V3 ''-mış olabilir'' Past Possibility olarak geçmişteki herhangi bir şey için düşük olasılık ifade etmek istiyorsak bu yapıları kendilerinden sonra ''have V3'' getirerek AWhy didn't Elena come to the meeting yesterday? BI don't might/may/could have forgetten about it. unutmuş olabilir. Ayrıca bu üç yapı geleceğe de gönderme could have finished this task by this time tomorrow. Yarın bu vakte kadar bu işi bitirmiş olabiliriz.. 3-Could have V3 ''-yapabilirdin ama yapmadın.'' Missed oppurtunity in the past olarak possibility'nin yanısıra geçmişte kaçırılan fırsatlardan bahsederken bu yapıyı yapıyla aynı anlama gelecek şekilde ''might have V3'' ve ''would have V3'' yapılarıda kullanılabilir .İf Clause Type IIIÖrneğinIf you had come here 5 minutes earlier,you could have seen her. Buraya beş dakika erken gelmiş olsaydın onu görebilirdin.. 4-Must have v3 ''-mış olmalı'' Decution in the past şeklinde nitelendirilir..Geçmişe yönelik kuvvetli bir tahminde bulunulduğunda bu yapıyı was a difficult exam,and Joe passed must have studied a lot. Zor bir sınavdı ve Joe o sınavı çalışmış olmalı.. Aynı zamanda geçmişe yönelik olumsuz bir çıkarım yapacaksak ''-mamış olmalı'' anlamına gelen ''mustn't have V3'' yapısı AShe passed by without saying even ''hello''. Merhaba bile demeden yanımdan geçti. BShe mustn't have notived you then. Seni fark etmemiş olmalı öyleyse. 5-Can't/Couldn't have V3 ''-mış olamaz'' Negative decution in the past şeklinde yönelik kuvvetli ve olumsuz bir çıkarımda bulunuluyorsa ''-mış olamaz'' anlamına gelen bu yapı They only put the for-sale sign yesterday. They can't have sold their house yet. Satılık ilanını daha dün evi satmış olamazlar.. 6-Needn't have V3 ''-e gerek yoktu ama yaptın'' Absence of necessity in the past olarak nitelendirilebilir. Geçmişte yapılan bir eylemin aslında yapılmasına gerek yoktu ama yine de eylem gerçekleştirildi anlamına needn't have hurried meeting started 30 minutes late. Aslında acele etmemize gerek yarım saat geç başladı. Auxiliary Uses Present / future Past may 1. Polite request May I borrow your pen? 2. Formal permission You may leave the room. 3. Less than 50% certainty A Where's Tom?B He may be at the office. He may have been at the office. might 1. Less than 50% certainty A Where's Tom? B He might be at the office. He might have been at the office. 2. polite request Might I borrow your pen? should 1. advisability I should help my father in the morning. I should have helped my father yesterday. 2. 90% certainty She should pass the exam! future only, not present She should have passed the exam! ought to 1. advisability I ought to study tonight I ought to have studied last night 2. 90% certainty She ought to do well on the test. future only, not present She ought to have studied last night. had better 1. advisability with threat of bad result You had better be on time, or we will leave without you. past form uncomon be supposed to 1. expectation He is supposed to come at 12. He was supposed to come at 12. be to 1. strong expectation You are to be here at 900. You were to be here at 900 must 1. strong necessity I must go to class today I had to go to class yesterday 2. prohibition negative You must not open that door. 3. 95% certainty Mary isn't in class. She must be sick present only Mary must have been sick yesterday. have to 1. necessity I have to go to class today. I had to go to class yesterday 2. lack of necessity negative I don't have to go to class today. I had to go to class yesterday. have got to 1. necessity I have got to go to class today. I had to go to class yesterday. will 1. 100% certainty He will be here at 600 future only 2. willingness The phone's get it. 3. polite request Will you please pass the salt? be going to 1. 100% certainty He is going to be here at 600 future only 2. definite plan I'm going to paint my bedroom. future only I was going to paint my room, but I didn't have time. can 1. ability / possibility I can run fast. I could run fast when I was a child but now I can't. 2. informal permission You can use my car tomorrow. 3. informal polite request Can I borrow your pen? 4. impossibility negative only That can't be true! That can't have been true! could 1. past ability I could run fast when I was a child. 2. polite request Could I borrow your pen?Could you help me? 3. suggestion A I need help in You could talk to your English teacher. You could have talked to your teacher. 4. less than 50% certainty A Where's John?B He could be at home. He could have been at home. 5. impossibility negative only. That couldn't be true! That couldn't have been true! be able to 1. ability I am able to help you. I will be able to help you. I was able to help him. would 1. polite request Would you please pass salt? Would you mind if I left early? 2. preference I would rather go to the park than stay home. I would rather have gone to the park. 3. repeated action in the past When I was a child, I would visit my grandmother every weekend. used to 1. repeated action in the past When I was a child, I would visit my grandmother every weekend. shall 1. polite question to make a suggestions Shall I open the window? 2. future with "I" or "we" as subject I shall leave at nine. will = more common

must have should have could have konu anlatımı